Introduction to the specific functions and functions of outdoor sportswear fabrics

Although there are a wide variety of outdoor sports, professional outdoor sportswear on the market can mainly be divided into cycling clothes, assault jackets, etc. For example, cycling clothes are mainly aimed at cycling and leisure sports, while assault suits are mainly aimed at high-altitude sports such as mountaineering and skiing. Outdoor sports not only require the physical fitness and skills of participants, but also require outdoor clothing that can adapt to harsh weather and complex geographical environments to ensure the personal safety of athletes. So outdoor sportswear fabrics are generally divided into various fabrics such as cycling clothing fabrics and assault clothing fabrics

Although there is no essential difference between outdoor sports clothing and home clothing, the requirements for clothing are relatively strict and demanding due to the two characteristics of outdoor and sports: outdoor sports generate a lot of heat, sweat evaporates more, and clothing is required to have good heat dissipation and breathability; It is inevitable to encounter wind, rain, snow, and fog in the wild, and clothing should have certain waterproof performance; I hope to reduce the burden of outdoor sports as much as possible and wear lightweight clothing as much as possible; Wild winds are strong, high mountains are cold, and high requirements are placed on windproof and warm insulation performance; Outdoor washing conditions are limited, and clothing has high requirements for antibacterial, odor proof, and stain resistance; Climbing rocks and forests in the wilderness requires clothing with good tensile and tear resistance... These performance requirements are very demanding from the perspective of textile technology, and many indicators even conflict with each other. Any single natural or chemical fiber cannot meet these requirements, and can only achieve these functions as much as possible through the composite of multiple fibers and multi-channel chemical finishing.

1. Warmth retention:

Although thermal insulation is closely related to fabric thickness, outdoor sports do not allow clothing to be too heavy, so it is necessary to keep warm and lightweight to meet the special requirements of outdoor sports clothing. The common method is to add special ceramic powders such as chromium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, etc. to the spinning solution of synthetic fibers such as polyester, especially nanoscale micro ceramic powders. They can absorb visible light such as sunlight and convert it into heat energy. They can also reflect the far-infrared radiation emitted by the human body, thus having excellent insulation and heat storage performance. Of course, far-infrared ceramic powder, adhesive, and crosslinking agent can also be formulated as a finishing agent, and the woven fabric can be coated and then dried and baked to allow nano ceramic powder to adhere to the surface of the fabric and between the yarn. This finishing agent emits far-infrared light with a wavelength of 8-14 µ, and also has health functions such as antibacterial, deodorizing, and promoting blood circulation.

In addition, according to the principles of biomimetics, referring to the structure of polar bear fur, the interior of polyester fibers is made into a porous hollow shape, containing a large amount of non circulating air inside the fibers, and the exterior is made into a spiral curl shape to maintain fluffiness, all of which can play a good insulation role while ensuring lightweight texture. Of course, making clothes and even fabrics double or even triple layered to increase the number of non circulating air layers is also one of the traditional insulation measures.

2. Waterproof and moisture permeability:

The sports meet emits a large amount of sweat, while outdoor activities inevitably encounter wind and rain, which is a contradiction in itself: it is necessary to be able to prevent rain and snow from soaking, and to timely discharge the sweat emitted by the body. Fortunately, the human body emits single-molecule water vapor, while rain and snow are liquid droplets in an aggregated state, with vastly different volumes and sizes. In addition, liquid water has a characteristic called surface tension, which is the ability to gather its own volume. The water we see on lotus leaves is in the form of granular water droplets rather than flat water stains. This is because there is a layer of waxy fuzzy tissue on the surface of lotus leaves, and water droplets cannot diffuse and penetrate on this layer of waxy fuzzy tissue due to the effect of surface tension. If you dissolve a drop of detergent or laundry detergent into water droplets, as the detergent can greatly reduce the surface tension of the liquid, the water droplets will immediately disintegrate and spread out on lotus leaves.

Waterproof and breathable clothing is a chemical coating that utilizes the surface tension characteristics of water to apply a layer of PTFE (which has the same chemical composition but different physical structure as PTFE, the "king of corrosion-resistant fibers") on the fabric to enhance the surface tension of the fabric. This tightens the water droplets as much as possible and prevents them from spreading or wetting the fabric surface, thus preventing them from penetrating the pores on the fabric structure. At the same time, this coating is porous, and water vapor in a single molecular state can smoothly diffuse through the capillary pores between fibers to the surface of the fabric.

After a large amount of exercise, if you stop in the wild to rest, it is possible to form a water droplet in the inner layer of the clothes because the external temperature and sweat cannot be scattered in the inner layer of the clothes may have a very uncomfortable feeling. This is the so -called " Dew "" phenomenon. There is a special hygroscopic collation process called "low -knitting dew". It uses poly aminotropine (PU) and nano -ceramic powder with hydrophilicity to coat the fabric. A lot of sweat vapor, which avoids the phenomenon of transforming water vapor inside the clothes more than saturated steam pressure and transforming into water droplets.

In addition to finding a way from fiber and coating, you can also try to absorb and sweat as much as possible in the fabric structure. For example, a double -layer tissue structure is adopted, the inner layer of the close layer is hydrophobic fiber, and hydrophilic fibers are used in the outer layer, so that sweat can rely on the capillary to move from the skin to the inner fiber, and then due to the hydrophilicity of the outer layer The combination of fiber and water molecules is stronger than the inner hydrophobic fiber, and the water molecules are transferred from the inner layer of the fabric to the outer layer, and then distributed to the atmosphere.

3. Antibacterial deodility:

Due to the characteristics of exercise, a large amount of sweat and sebaceous glands are secreted. The outdoor conditions cannot be changed often. In the appropriate temperature and humidity environment, microorganisms are reproduced in large quantities, causing people to emit an indecent odor and cause itching. Therefore, regular outdoor sports clothing is organized by antibacterial deodorization chemistry. The organic way is generally to fix the organic metal -type surfactant or silver, copper and other heavy metal ions with sterilization effects on the fiber through the fiber to make it have certain washing resistance. Of course, an important principle of choosing a bactericide is definitely non -toxic or low toxic, otherwise it will be the end. In recent years, Japan has made a lot of explorations in the research of natural antibacterial tidal agents. Sexual ceramic powder is attached to the fabric, and the resin is fixed with resin linked, and the sterilization agent is slowly released through mechanical effects such as friction and backlogy to achieve the purpose of durable antibacterial collation. This type of natural antibacterial agent is not only toxic and harmless, but also has a certain health function, which should be the development direction of antibacterial arrangement. However, because the method of fixed antibacterial agents is currently limited, the antibacterial agent is not good enough, and the antibacterial performance decreases a little every time, and it usually disappears after dozens of times.

4, anti -dirt -proof and easy dirty:

Outdoor sports often walk through the muddy and humid mountains and forests. It is inevitable that clothes are dirty. This requires that the appearance of clothing should be as much as possible to be stained by stains, and once it is stained, it is easy to wash and remove. Change the surface performance of the fiber and greatly improve the surface tension of the fabric, making it difficult for oil and other stains to penetrate the inside of the fabric. The slight stains can be removed with a wet cloth, and the heavier stains are also easy to clean. And moisturizing and sorting can not only prevent oil pollution pollution, but also have the performance of waterproof and humidity. It is generally called "three anti -collation" (water refusal, oil refusal, and pollution -proof). Commonly used in the outer layer and backpacks, shoes, and tents.

5. Anti -electrostatic and radiation protection consolidation

Mountaineering is the core content of outdoor sports. In addition to the primitive dense forest, the alpine plateau area above 3,000 meters above sea level is due to low air pressure, moisture is easy to volatilize, and the environment is generally dry. The problem is more prominent. The harm of static electricity is generally manifested in clothes that are prone to hair, dirty dirt, near the skin with electric shocks and stickiness. If you carry precision electronic instruments such as electronic compass, altitude meter, GPS navigator, you may be interfered by the electrical electrical electrical electrical electrical electrical instruments and cause serious consequences.

Any object may produce static electricity, but only dry insulating objects will accumulate static electricity to cause harm.

Therefore, the good anti -static fabric is of course made of natural fibers, but as mentioned earlier, pure natural fibers are difficult to compete for outdoor sports, and even natural fibers, in a very dry environment Electricity is generated. There are two main points of anti -static consolidation of fabrics: First, simply woven metal wires in the fabric to make conductive fabrics (also an electromagnetic wave shielding fabric and radiation -proof fabric), and transmit the static electricity generated by friction to the outside world to the outside world to go outside to the outside world Essence However, this kind of fabric is not suitable for sports clothing, mainly because the softness is not good and not comfortable enough. Another method is to use embedded polyether, polyacrylate, etc. with hygroscopic electrostatic agents, and paint a layer of chemical film that can adsorb the surface of the fabric to form a continuous conductive water film on the surface of the fabric. Dip the static electrostatic transmission.

Due to the relatively thin atmospheric layer, the anti -ultraviolet blocking and filtering effect on ultraviolet rays is greatly reduced, and the strength of ultraviolet rays is much higher than that of low altitude areas. Ultraviolet rays can effectively promote the production of vitamins and have a bactericidal effect, but excessively strong exposure can cause damage to people's skin. The penetration of ultraviolet rays is very strong, and general fiber fabrics cannot completely block its irradiation. UV shields such as nano -level inorganic titanium dioxide (TIO2), nano -zinc oxide (ZNO) and organic salicylic acid systems, cyanol acrylate systems, dietthone, phenylzol, and other ultraviolet absorbers are used. The method of cross -linking is fixed on the fabric, which can play a certain role in radiation protection.

It can be said that outdoor sportswear represents a new cutting -edge technology for the development of textile science today. This is also an important reason for the seemingly inconspicuous climbing clothes and submachine pants to move hundreds of thousands or even thousands of dollars. Factors such as brand value and functional style). Although the price is really not low, a professional outdoor sportswear integrating the performance of windproof, breathable, moisture -proof, warmth, radiation protection, etc. For a mountain climbers, sometimes it may have the same meaning as life! However, due to the diversity, complexity and unpredictability of outdoor sports, there may be many different requirements for the function of clothing due to different environmental and sports methods. The overall performance is still difficult to achieve perfect.

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