Why does cotton shrink? Why is it normal for the fabric to shrink?
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1.Pure cotton fabric is composed of plant fibers. When the fabric is soaked, water molecules will enter the interior of the cotton fiber, causing the fiber to expand. When the weft (or warp) direction of the fabric expands and becomes thicker, the fabric will shrink, so soaking The longer the time in the water, the greater the shrinkage. Of course, this is only relative and will not shrink endlessly.
2: Textile processing
During the textile dyeing and finishing process of pure cotton fabrics, the fibers are stretched by a certain external force. After finishing, this stretching will be temporarily in a "stable" state. When cleaning in water, the moisture will gradually weaken the connection between fiber molecules, reduce the friction on the fiber surface, destroy the temporary "stable" state, and the fiber will return to or approach its original equilibrium state. Generally speaking, during the weaving, dyeing and finishing process, it needs to be stretched many times. The fabric with greater tension will have a greater shrinkage, and vice versa.
3: Yarn weaving of fabric
Everyone should know that the yarn weave of Cotton bedding can be roughly divided into 1288*68, 130*70/13372/40 satin/60 satin/80 satin, etc. The higher the yarn weave, the more high-end the fabric, and the fabric processing is also different. (Such as pre-shrinking treatment or steam pre-shrinking, etc., the potential of fabric shrinkage is eliminated in advance. After pre-shrinking treatment, the fabric will generally not shrink significantly).
4: Classification of fabrics
Commonly used Cotton bedding can be roughly divided into four types: general Cotton four-piece set, Oxford cloth four-piece set, mercerized cotton four-piece set, and brushed four-piece set. The general shrinkage rate can only depend on personal luck. Generally speaking, You can still rest assured about products from good manufacturers. Oxford cloth and mercerized cotton have been processed before leaving the factory, and the problems are not big. Regarding sanding, I can only say that the cheaper they are, the greater their shrinkage. Why are the same things so cheap? Insufficient size and reduced post-processing steps.
5: Cotton’s shrinkage rate
For pure cotton fabric products, the national standard shrinkage rate is: less than or equal to 5% (that is, 100cm of fabric is normal to 95cm after washing). Pure cotton bedding should be stretched when it is about to dry after washing. Once the quilt cover is dry, stretching is useless. If your quilt cover is really much larger than the quilt core, shrinking it is useless. An ordinary pure cotton quilt cover shrinks to 10cm, which is a standard 200*230 quilt cover. The shrunk size is 190*220cm.
6: Correct cleaning and maintenance of Cotton
Do not use hot water for cleaning. The water temperature should be controlled below 35°C. It cannot be soaked in detergent for a long time, ironed at a temperature higher than 120°C, exposed to the sun, or dried. For correct cleaning and drying, be sure to place it in a cool place. Lay it flat or use a stick-type drying rack. It is best to wash it by hand.
Conclusion
Objectively speaking, Cotton fabrics have the problem of shrinking and fading to some extent. The key is post-finishing. Therefore, ordinary home textile fabrics have been preshrunk. However, pre-shrinking does not mean that it does not shrink, but it means that the shrinkage rate is controlled within the national standard 3%-4%%.
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